بررسی استخراج ترکیبات طبیعی گیاهان با کمک امواج میکروویو و فراصوت

خواجه نوری, مریم; حقیقی اصل, علی

doi:10.22104/jift.2014.37

بررسی استخراج ترکیبات طبیعی گیاهان با کمک امواج میکروویو و فراصوت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانش آموخته دکتری مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه سمنان

² دانشیار، دانشگاه سمنان

10.22104/jift.2014.37

چکیده

روش های سنتی دستیابی ترکیبات طبیعی گیاهان مثل تقطیر آبی یا بخار آب و استخراج با حلال آلی معایبی مانند اتلاف ترکیبات فرّار، بازده پایین، زمان استخراج طولانی، تخریب ترکیبات غیر اشباع و باقی ماندن حلال سمّی را به دنبال دارند. کاربرد گسترده، قیمت بالا و حساس بودن اسانس ها نسبت به شرایط استخراج، منجر به پیدایش و گسترش روش های نوین استخراج گردیده است. روش های نوین استخراج علاوه بر حفظ خصوصیات کیفی اسانس، سریع تر و ارزان تر باشند. در این مطالعه به شناخت بیشتر شیوه های نوین استخراج به کمک امواج فراصوت، استخراج با حلال کمک شده با امواج میکرو ویو، مزایا و معایب آن ها پرداخته شده است. مزایای استفاده از این روش های استخراج عبارتند از: بیشتر بودن سرعت و انرژی مؤثر استخراج، انتقال جرم بیشتر، گرادیان حرارتی کمتر، کاهش اندازه تجهیزات، زمان استخراج کوتاه تر و کاهش استفاده از حلال های آلی سمّی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Review of extraction of plant natural components by Microwaves and ultrasounds

نویسندگان [English]

Maryam Khajenoori ¹
Ali Haghighi Asl ²

¹ Graduated PhD student, School of Chemical, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

² Associate Professor, School of Chemical, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Traditional methods of essential oils extraction, such as water or steam distillation and extraction with volatile organic solvents are following disadvantages such as low efficiency, long extraction time, residual toxic solvent and degradation of unsaturated compounds. Wide application, high price, and being sensitive of essential oils to extraction conditions, led to the creation and development of new extraction methods. The new methods of extracting essential oils should be faster and cheaper in addition to maintaining the quality characteristics. In this study, more recognition of new methods of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, their advantages and disadvantages has been done. The advantages of using these methods of extraction include more quickly and effectively of extraction, more mass transfer, less heating gradient, size reduction of equipment, shorter extraction time and reduced use of toxic organic solvents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Plants
Natural components
extraction
Microwaves
Ultrasounds

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