بررسی اثر صمغ فارسی و فرایند حرارتی بر ویژگی های امولسیون پایدار شده با کنسانتره پروتئین آب پنیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی مشهد

2 دانشیار، پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی مشهد

3 استادیار، پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی مشهد

چکیده

بسیاری از محصولات غذایی دارای ساختار امولسیون ژل هستند که در آنها سامانه امولسیونى در شبکه ژلى پراکنده شده است. یکی از مهمترین مراحل تولید امولسیون ژل، آماده سازى امولسیون پایه است که در مرحله بعد بتواند با فرایندهایی مانند حرارت، اسیدی کردن و آنزیم زنى به ژل تبدیل شود. در این تحقیق اثر غلظت کنسانتره پروتئین آب پنیر ( w/w%8-3) و بخش محلول صمغ فارسی (w/w %6/0-0) بر خصوصیات امولسیون تازه و نیز پس از اعمال فرایند حرارتی (90 درجه سانتیگراد، 30 دقیقه) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. به این منظور تغییرات پتانسیل زتا، توزیع اندازه قطرات، رفتار رئولوژیکی و ریزساختار نمونه های امولسیون بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش غلظت کنسانتره پروتئین آب پنیر سبب کاهش اندازه قطرات امولسیون شد. از طرف دیگر، افزودن بخش محلول صمغ فارسی در غلظت %6/0 وزنی اندازه قطرات را افزایش داد. علاوه بر این اعمال حرارت باعث افزایش اندازه قطرات و پهن تر شدن گستره پراکندگى آنها گردید. با این حال در حضور غلظت %3/0 وزنی بخش محلول صمغ فارسی، پایداری و مقاومت امولسیون در برابر فرایند حرارتى به طور چشمگیرى افزایش یافت. گرانروى امولسیون نیز بسته به غلظت بخش محلول صمغ فارسى دچار تغییر شد و پس از حرارت دهى به طور قابل ملاحظه اى افزایش پیدا کرد که به وقوع پدیده انبوهش تخلیه اى قطرات و ایجاد تجمعات پروتئینى در فاز پیوسته نسبت داده شد. پیش از اعمال فرایند حرارتی، نمونه های حاوی غلظت های مختلف پروتئین و صمغ فارسی، رفتار نیوتنی و بعد از اعمال حرارت، نمونه های حاوی غلظت بالای پروتئین و صمغ فارسی رفتار رقیق شونده با برش را نشان دادند. دستاورد های این پژوهش حاکی از قابلیت مناسب بخش محلول صمغ فارسی در پایدارسازی امولسیون ها نسبت به حرارت است که می تواند کاربردهای متعددی در فرمولاسیون های غذایی از جمله امولسیون ژل ها داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Persian gum and thermal process on the properties of emulsion stabilized by whey protein concentrate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Khalesi 1
  • Rassoul Kadkhodaee 2
  • Bahareh Emadzadeh 3
1 Ph.D. student of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Processing, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Many food products are comprised of an emulsion gel structure in which emulsion droplets are dispersed within a gel network. Formation of a stable emulsion which is later turned into a gel using processing techniques including heating, acidification or enzyme assisted-clotting is a crucial stage in the production of an emulsion-gel system. In the present study the influence of various concentrations of whey protein concentrate (3-8% w/w) and water soluble fraction of Persian gum (0.3-0.6% w/w) on the quality attributes of oil-in-water emulsion prior and after heat treatment (at 90 oC for 30 min) was evaluated. To this end, changes in the zeta potential, size of droplets, rheological behaviour of emulsions and also their microstructure were investigated. The results showed that increasing the concentration of whey protein concentrate in the system reduced the size of the emulsion droplets. On the other hand, the addition of 0.6% soluble fraction of Persian gum led to larger droplets.  More over, heating emulsion samples resulted in a rise in the size of droplets and broadened their size distribution curves. However, Persian gum at lower level (0.3%) was found to considerably increase the stability of emulsion against heat. The viscosity of emulsion was shown to be greatly dependent on the soluble fraction of Persian gum concentration and dramatically increased upon heating which was attributed to depletion flocculation and protein aggregation. In addition, all samples exhibited Newotonian behaviour before and after heat treatment except at higher proportions of whey protein concentrate and Persian gum, which changed to shear thinning following heating. These findings confirm the capability of Persian gum for production of heat stable emulsions which may find various applications in food formulation such as Emulsion-gels.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emulsion
  • Whey protein concentrate
  • Persian gum
  • Heat treatment
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