بهینه‏ سازی استخراج و ریزپوشانی ترکیبات رنگی ضایعات فرآوری گزنه (Urtica dioica)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات فنی ومهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

2 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر، با هدف بهینه‌سازی استخراج و ریزپوشانی ترکیبات رنگی موجود در ضایعات فرآوری گیاه دارویی گزنه انجام‌شد. روش سطح پاسخ برای بررسی اثرات متغیرهای مستقل غلظت حلال اتانول (با سه غلظت 100، 50 و 0درصد)، نسبت حلال به ماده اولیه (در سه نسبت30، 45 و 60 درصد) و سه زمان (hr 1، 4 و 7) و سه دمای (°C20، 40 و 60) بر راندمان استخراج، مقدار کلروفیل و فئوفیتین عصاره اتانولی عصاره رنگی گزنه انجام‌شد. شرایط بهینه استخراج براساس مدل‌های حاصل، عبارت بودند از نسبت حلال به ماده اولیه 33:67، غلظت حلال 100 درصد، زمان استخراج 7 ساعت و دمای استخراج °C25. تحت شرایط بهینه، راندمان استخراج 99/7 درصد، میزان کلروفیل و فئوفیتین استخراج شده به ترتیب 75/54 و54/341 mg/100gdry matter بود. به منظور پایدارسازی عصاره بهینه، ریزپوشانی با دو دیواره مالتودکسترین و پلی‌وینیل‌پیرولیدون بوسیله خشک‌کن پاششی انجام شد. راندمان تولید ریزکپسول، رطوبت، دانسیته توده، خصوصیات رنگی و دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای ریزکپسول‌های عصارة رنگی گزنه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. میزان پایداری ترکیبات رنگی ریزکپسول‌ها طی 21 روز نگهداری در شرایط رطوبتی و دمایی مختلف ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی ترکیبات رنگی ریزپوشانی شده با مالتودکسترین از پلی‌وینیل‌پیرولیدون بهتر بود. مقدار ترکیبات رنگی ریز کپسول‌ها طی 21 روز نگهداری کاهش یافت اما ریزپوشانی سبب حفاظت و پایداری بیشتر ترکیبات رنگی در رطوبت‌ها و دماهای مورد بررسی شد ریزکپسول حاوی دیواره مالتودکسترین در رطوبت نسبی 52 درصد و دمای °C4 کمترین میزان کاهش ترکیبات رنگی را داشت (ضریب تبیین بیش از 90/0) و به عنوان تیمار بهینه معرفی شد. هر دو ریزکپسول حاوی پلی‌وینیل‌پیرولیدون و مالتودکسترین با داشتن دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای به ترتیب 35/121 و 82 درجه سانتیگراد، در دمای محیط پایدار بودند.

چکیده تصویری

بهینه‏ سازی استخراج و ریزپوشانی ترکیبات رنگی ضایعات فرآوری گزنه (Urtica dioica)

تازه های تحقیق

  • از ضایعات فراوری گیاهان دارویی رنگ سبز طبیعی استخراج شد
  • شرایط بهینه استخراج، نسبت حلال به ماده اولیه 33:67، غلظت حلال 100 %، زمان استخراج 7 ساعت و دمای استخراج °C25 بود.
  • .عصاره بهینه شده با استفاده از ماده‌ی دیواره مالتودکسترین و پلی وینیل پیرولیدون ریزپوشانی شد.
  • ریزکپسولها با استفاده از خشک کن پاششی تولید شدند
  • ریزپوشانی با ماده دیواره مالتودکسترین، سبب حفاظت و پایداری بیشتر ترکیبات رنگی ریزکپسول‌ها در شرایط رطوبتی و دمایی مختلف شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of extraction and micro encapsulation of colored compounds of Urtica dioica processing waste

نویسندگان [English]

  • SOODABEH EINAFSHAR 1
  • Parvin Sharayei 2
  • Masoud yaghbani 3
1 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad/IRAN.
2 AREEO
3 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad/IRAN.
چکیده [English]

This project was carried out to optimize the extraction and microencapsulation of color compounds of the processing waste of (Urtica dioica). Response surface method to investigate the effects of independent variables of ethanol solvent concentration (100, 50, and 0%), solvent to the raw material ratio (in three ratios of 30, 45, and 60%), three times (1, 4 and 7 hr) and Three temperatures (20, 40 and 60° C) were performed on extraction efficiency, chlorophyll content, and pheophytin of ethanolic extract of nettle color extract. Optimization of the extraction process based on the models obtained from the optimal extraction conditions, the solvent to raw material ratio was 33:67, the solvent concentration was 100%, the extraction time was 7 hours and the extraction temperature was 25°C. Under optimal conditions, the extraction efficiency was 7.99%, the amount of chlorophyll and pheophytin extracted were 54.75 and 341.54 mg/100gdry matter, respectively. In order to stabilize the extract, the microencapsulation was applied with two walls of maltodextrin and polyvinylpyrolidone by a spray dryer. Production capacity of microcapsules, moisture, bulk density, color properties, and glass transition temperature of microcapsules of Urtica dioica extract were investigated. Also, the stability of the color compounds of microcapsules during 21 days of storage in different humidity and temperature conditions was evaluated. The results showed that the microencapsulated colored compounds with maltodextrin had better physicochemical properties compared to other microcapsules. The number of color compounds in the microcapsules decreased during 21 days of storage, but the microencapsulation caused more protection and stability of the color compounds in the microcapsules in different humidity and temperature conditions. The coefficient of determination was more than 0.90) and was introduced as the optimal treatment. Both microcapsules were stable at room temperature with 121.35 and 82°C glass transfer temperatures, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microcapsule stability"
  • colored extract"
  • Pheophytin"
  • "
  • Chlorophyll"
  • . "
  • Utrica dioica"
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