تاثیر میزان سبوس و متغیرهای فرآیند اکستروژن بر روی ویژگی‏های عملکردی پودر فوری آرد گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، سازمان پژوهش های علمی و صنعتی ایران

2 استادیار، سازمان پژوهشهای علمی و صنعتی ایران

3 استادیار، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی

4 عضو هیات علمی پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

افزایش آگاهی نسبت به نقش تغذیه در سلامت و کیفیت زندگی، نیاز روزافزون جامعه به فرآورده‏هایی با آماده‏سازی ساده و سریع و ‏هم‏چنین گسترش تنوع‏طلبی در بین مصرف‏کننده‏ها، صنعت غذا را با چالش‏های جدیدی روبرو ساخته است. فرآورده‏های فوری به محصولاتی اطلاق می‏شوند که به سهولت و بدون نیاز به پخت، آماده مصرف ‏گردند. پودرهای فوری بر پایه غلات به دلیل ویژگی‏های تغذیه‏ای مناسب و هم‏چنین قیمت پایین مواد اولیه، مورد توجه قرار گرفته‎اند. در این تحقیق اثرات متغیرهای نسبت سبوس به آرد (10 تا 30 درصد وزنی/وزنی)، رطوبت ورودی (10 تا 16 درصد، بر پایه تر) و سرعت چرخش ماردون (130 تا 250 دور در دقیقه) بر پاسخ‏های تخلخل، دانسیته توده، ضریب انبساط و رنگ فرآورده (شاخص L)، بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان دادند که افزایش رطوبت ورودی، سرعت چرخش ماردون و میزان سبوس در فرمولاسیون، باعث کاهش میزان تخلخل و ضریب انبساط در فرآورده می‌شوند. هم‏چنین افزایش رطوبت ورودی و سرعت چرخش ماردون به ترتیب موجب افزایش و کاهش دانسیته توده می‌شوند. افزایش رطوبت ورودی به‌طور خطی باعث افزایش میزان L، می‏گردد. افزایش سرعت چرخش ماردون تا 190 دور در دقیقه، موجب کاهش شاخص L می‏شود، در حالی‏که در مقادیر بالاتر شاخص L افزایش می‌یابد. شرایط بهینه فرآوری در شرایط تحت بررسی با اهداف افزایش میزان تخلخل، ضریب انبساط، شاخص L و کاهش دانسیته توده، میزان سبوس 10 درصد، رطوبت ورودی 10 درصد و سرعت چرخش ماردون 130 دور در دقیقه، تعیین گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of wheat bran addition and extrusion process parameters on the functional properties of wheat-based instant powder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parisa Mardani Toroghia 1
  • Alireza Bassiri 2
  • Elnaz Milani 3
  • Gholamali Golimovahed 4
1 Former M.Sc. Student of Food Science and Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran
2 Assistant Prof., Food Science and Technology Faculty, Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran
3 Assistant Prof., Food processing Faculty, Department of food science and technology, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad
4 Instructor, Food processing Faculty, Department of food science and technology, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad
چکیده [English]

Growing public awareness of the role of nutrition in health and quality of life, and the consumer demand for products that are convenient and quickly prepared and also increased need for food diversity are new challenges facing the food industry. Instant food is one of the processed products that require very little effort of reconstitute or cook prior to consumption. According to the high nutritional value and low price of raw material, grain-based instant powders are considered. In this research the effect of operating conditions at varying bran content (10 to 30% w/w), feed moisture (10 to 16%, wb) and screw speed (130 to 250 rpm) on the quality characteristics of product (porosity, bulk density, expansion index, color (L index)) were investigated. The results showed that increasing of feed moisture, screw speed and the bran content, resulted in finished product with lower porosity and expansion index. Whereas increasing of feed moisture and screw speed resulted in finished product with higher and lower bulk density, respectively. Higher feed moisture increased linearly the L index while increasing the screw speed up to 190 rpm, resulted in lower index L, higher screw speed caused an increase of index L. The optimum operating condition should be operated at 10% bran content, 10% feed moisture and 130 rpm screw speed to obtain finished product of high porosity, expansion index, L index and low bulk density.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Instant powder
  • Wheat flour
  • Bran
  • extrusion
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