Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST) Innovative Food Technologies 2783-350X Articles in Press 2026 04 06 Effects of enzymatic pretreatment on phytochemical content, antioxidant, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal (terung asam) fruits Effects of enzymatic pretreatment on phytochemical content, antioxidant, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal (terung asam) fruits 1667 10.22104/ift.2026.8118.2267 FA Andi Muhammad Nurfalahuddin Binhar Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi Benjamin Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia Muhammad Naufal Qaweim Rushdy Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia Aniza Saini Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia Hasdian Mudin Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia Shiamala Devi Ramaiya Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Sarawak, Bintulu 97008, Malaysia 0000-0002-7281-6020 Rosnani Hasham Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia MOHD AZRIE AWANG Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Journal Article 2026 01 08 Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal, locally known as terung asam, is an underutilised tropical fruit with recognised nutritional and bioactive potential, yet its effective utilisation is constrained by limited extraction efficiency arising from complex plant matrices. This study evaluated enzyme-assisted ultrasound extraction of S. lasiocarpum fruit extract (SLFE) to enhance crude yield (CY), phytochemical content, and bioactivity, with specific focus on antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. Enzymatic pretreatment using pectinase, cellulase, and protease was applied prior to ultrasound-assisted extraction. CY, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activities assessed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, and pancreatic lipase inhibition based on IC₅₀ values were determined. Pectinase pretreatment produced the highest CY and TFC and consistently enhanced radical scavenging and reducing antioxidant activities. In addition, pectinase-pretreated SLFE exhibited the strongest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, followed by protease, while cellulase showed the weakest inhibition. Cellulase pretreatment resulted in the highest TPC but demonstrated limited effectiveness in lipase inhibition. Overall, enzyme specificity strongly influenced extraction efficiency and bioactivity, with pectinase favouring CY, flavonoid recovery, antioxidant capacity, and anti-lipase activity. These findings demonstrate that enzyme-assisted ultrasound extraction is an effective strategy for optimising functional compound recovery from S. lasiocarpum, supporting its potential application in functional food and nutraceutical development. Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal, locally known as terung asam, is an underutilised tropical fruit with recognised nutritional and bioactive potential, yet its effective utilisation is constrained by limited extraction efficiency arising from complex plant matrices. This study evaluated enzyme-assisted ultrasound extraction of S. lasiocarpum fruit extract (SLFE) to enhance crude yield (CY), phytochemical content, and bioactivity, with specific focus on antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. Enzymatic pretreatment using pectinase, cellulase, and protease was applied prior to ultrasound-assisted extraction. CY, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activities assessed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, and pancreatic lipase inhibition based on IC₅₀ values were determined. Pectinase pretreatment produced the highest CY and TFC and consistently enhanced radical scavenging and reducing antioxidant activities. In addition, pectinase-pretreated SLFE exhibited the strongest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, followed by protease, while cellulase showed the weakest inhibition. Cellulase pretreatment resulted in the highest TPC but demonstrated limited effectiveness in lipase inhibition. Overall, enzyme specificity strongly influenced extraction efficiency and bioactivity, with pectinase favouring CY, flavonoid recovery, antioxidant capacity, and anti-lipase activity. These findings demonstrate that enzyme-assisted ultrasound extraction is an effective strategy for optimising functional compound recovery from S. lasiocarpum, supporting its potential application in functional food and nutraceutical development. https://jift.irost.ir/article_1667_6ecbe53cf9bb91c81a0630405206cbfd.pdf