تولید و بررسی نانوساختار و خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی فیلم زیست کامپوزیت نشاسته حاوی نانوذرات TiO2

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد، علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه تبریز

5 استاد، شیمی معدنی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در این پژوهش، فیلم‌های نانوزیست‌کامپوزیت جدید نشاسته سیب‌زمینی حاوی نرم‌کنندۀ گلیسرول و چهار سطح نانوذرۀTiO2 (0، 5/0، 1 و 2% وزنی- وزنی نشاسته) به روش قالب‌ریزی تهیه شدند. بررسی ریزساختار فیلم‌های نانوبیوکامپوزیتی توسط آزمون‌های میکروسکوپ نیروی اتمی (AFM) و طیف‌سنجی‌ فروسرخ (FT-IR)، به‌ترتیب پخش یکنواخت نانوذرات TiO2در ماتریس نشاسته، ایجاد پیوندهای هیدروژنی و برهمکنش‌های الکترواستاتیک بین آنها را نشان داد. همچنین، از تصاویر AFM برای ارزیابی توپوگرافی و زبری سطح فیلم‌ها استفاده شد. فیلم نشاسته خالص نرم‌شده (PS) دارای سطح صاف با حداقل زبری بود، که افزودن TiO2 موجب افزایش زبری سطحی فیلم ‌گردید.گرماسنج پویشی تفاضلی(DSC)، افزایش دمای ذوب و انتقال شیشه‌ای و بهبود خواص حرارتی نانوبیوکامپوزیت را تأیید نمود. آزمون‌های رنگ‌سنجی و طیف‌سنجی UV-Vis، به‌منظور مطالعه اثر حفاظتی فیلم‌های نانوکامپوزیتی PS-TiO2 در مقابل پرتو‌های نورUV و مرئی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. با افزایش میزان نانوذرات TiO2 از صفر به 2 درصد، اختلاف رنگ کلی و شاخص رنگ سفید به ‌ترتیب 9/55% و 6/53% افزایش یافتند. متناسب با افزایش غلظت TiO2، میزان عبور پرتوهای نور مرئی، فرابنفش A، B و C از فیلم به‌صورت تابع نمایی مرتبه اول کاهش ‌یافتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructural and Physicochemical Properties of Starch-TiO2 Biocomposite Films

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Amir Oleyaei 1
  • Babak Ghanbarzadeh 2
  • Ali Akbar Moayedi 3
  • Parisa Poursani 4
  • Masomeh Khatamian 5
1 Ph.D. Student, Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Khorasan Razavi Agriculture & Natural Resources Research Center, Mashhad, Iran
4 M.Sc. Student, Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 Professor, Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present study, a new kind of potato starch nanobiocomposites films with glycerol as a plasticizer and different TiO2 loading (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt% starch) were prepared via solution casting method. Investigation of nanobiocomposite films structure by Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed the uniform dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in the starch matrix, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between them, respectively. Also, AFM images were used to investigate the surface morphology and roughness of starch films. Neat plasticized starch (PS) film had smoother surfaces and a lower roughness parameter. Adding TiO2, increased the surface roughness. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed that the melting point and glass transition temperatures were increased and heat stability of the nanocomposites were improved. Colorimetry and UV-Vis spectroscopy were employed to evaluate the UV and visible-shielding efficiency of the PS-TiO2 nanocomposite films. The total color difference (ΔE) and whiteness index (WI) increased 55.9 and 53.6%, respectively as the TiO2 content increased from 0 to 2%. The transmittance of the visible, UV-A, UV-B and UV-C lights showed a first order exponential decay relative to the TiO2concentration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Starch
  • TiO2
  • Biodegradable
  • Thermal Properties
  • Colorimetry
[1] Ray, S.S., Bousmina, M. (2005). Biodegradable polymers and their layered silicate nanocomposites: In greening the 21st century materials world. Prog. Mater. Sci., 50, 962–1079.
[2] Shan, G., Surampalli, R.Y., Tyagi, R.D., Zhang, T.C. (2009). Nanomaterials for environmental burden reduction, waste treatment, and nonpoint source pollution control. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China, 3(3), 249–264.
[3] Davis, G., Song, J. H.  (2006). Biodegradable packaging based on raw materials from crops and their impact on waste management. Ind. Crop. Prod., 23, 147-161.
[4] Park, S.K., Hettiarachy, N.S., Were L. (2000). Degradation behavior of soy protein-wheat gluten films in simulated soil conditions. J. Agr. Food Chem., 48, 60-68.
[5] Rhim J.W., NG P.K.W., (2007). Natural Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposite Films for Packaging Applications. Crit. Rev. Food Sci., 47, 411-433.
[6] Almasi, H., Ghanbarzadeh, B., Entezami, A.A. (2010). Physicochemical properties of starch–CMC–nanoclay biodegradable films. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 46(1), 1-5.
[7] Averous, L., Boquillon, N. (2004). Biocomposites based on plasticized starch: thermal and mechanical behaviours. Carbohydr. Polym., 56, 111–122.
[8] Rhim, J.W. (2007). Potential use of biopolymer-based nanocomposite in food packaging applications. Food Sci. Biotechnol., 16(5), 691-709.
[9] de­Azeredo, H.M.C. (2009). Nanocomposites for food packaging applications. Food Res. In., 42, 1240-1253.
[10] Gacitua W.E., Ballerini A.A., Zhang J. (2005). Polymer Nanocom­posites: Synthetic and Natural Fillers a Review. Cien. Tech., 7, 59-178.
[11] Dufresne A., Belgacem M.N. (2010). Cellulose Reinforced Com­posites: from Micro to Nanoscale, Overview, Polimeros. Cien.Tech., 9, 1-10.
[12] Svagan A.J., Hedenqvist M.S., Berglund L. (2009). Reduced water vapour sorption in cellulose nanocomposites with starch matrix. Compos. Sci. Technol., 69, 500-506.
[13] Kreyling, W.G., Semmler-Behnke, M., Chaudhry, Q. (2010). A complementary definition of nanomaterial. Nano Today, 5, 165-168.
[14] Kumar, A.P., Depan, D., Tomer, N.S., Singh, R.P. (2009). Nanoscale particles for polymer degradation and stabilization: Trendsand future perspectives. Prog. Polym. Sci., 34, 479-515.
[15] Zhou, J.J., Wang, S.Y., Gunasekaran, S. (2009). Preparation and characterization of whey protein film incorporated with TiO2 nanoparticles. J. Food Sci., 74(7), 50-56.
[16] Li, Y., Jiang, Y., Liu, F., Ren, F., Zhao, G., Leng, X. (2011). Fabrication and characterization of TiO2/whey protein isolate nanocomposite film. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(6), 1-7.
[17] Cerrada, M.L., Serrano, C., Chaves, M.S., Garcia, M.F., Martin, F.F., Andres, A., Rioboo, R.J.J., Kubacka, A., Ferrer, M., Garcia, M.F. (2008). Self-sterilized EVOH-TiO2 nanocomposites: Interface effectson biocidal properties. Adv. Funct.Mater., 18, 1949–1960.
[18] Polizos, G., Tuncer, E., Sauers, I., More, K.L. (2010). Physical properties of epoxyresin/titanium dioxide nanocomposites. Polym. Eng. Sci., 102, 87-93.
[19] Perez-Mateos, M., Montero, P., Gomez-Guillen, M.C. (2009). Formulation and stability of biodegradable films made from cod gelatinand sunflower oil blends. Food Hydrocolloids, 23, 53–61.
[20] Sothornvit, R., Rhim, J.W., Hong, S.I. (2009). Effect of nano-clay type on the physical and antimicrobial properties of whey protein isolate/clay composite films. J. Food Eng., 91, 468–473.
[21] Tunç, S., Duman, O. (2011). Preparation of active antimicrobial methyl cellulose/carvacrol/ montmorillonite nanocomposite films and investigation of carvacrol release. LWT-Food Sci. Technol., 44, 465-472.
[22] Diaz-Visurraga, J., Mele´ndrez, M.F., Garcia, A., Paulraj, M., Cardenas, G. (2010). Semitransparent chitosan-TiO2 nanotubes composite film for food package applications. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 116, 3503–3515.
[23] Majdzadeh-Ardakani, K., Navarchian, A.H., Sadeghi, F. (2010). Optimization of mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch/clay nanocomposites. Carbohydr. Polym. 19, 547–554.
[24] Mallakpour, S. Barati, A. (2011). Efficient preparation of hybrid nanocomposite coatings based on poly (vinylalcohol) and silane coupling agent modified TiO2 nanoparticles. Prog. Org. Coat., 71, 391–398.
[25] Liao, H.T., Wu, C.S. (2007). New biodegradable blends prepared from polylactide, titanium tetraisopropylate, and starch. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 108, 2280–2289.
[26] Zhuang, W., Liu, J., Zhang, J.H., Hu, B.X., Shen, J. (2009). Preparation, characterization, and properties of TiO2/PLA nanocomposites by in situ polymerization. Polym. Composite., 1074-1080.
[27] Li, Y., Chen, C., Li, J., Sun, X.S. (2011). Synthesis and characterization of bionanocomposites of poly (lactic acid) and TiO2 nanowires by in situ polymerization. Polymer, 52, 2367-2375.
[28] Zolfi, M., Khodaiyan, F., Mousavi, M. Hashemi, M. (2014). Development and characterization of the kefiran-whey proteinisolate-TiO2 nanocomposite films. Int. J. Biol. Macromol, 65, 340–345.
[29] Zolfi, M., Khodaiyan, F., Mousavi, M., Hashemi, M. (2014). The characteristics improvement of biodegradable films made from kefiran-whey protein by nanoparticles incorporation, Carbohydr. Polym., 109, 118-125.
[30] Taskaya, L., Chen, Y.C., Jaczynski, J., (2010). Color improvement by titanium dioxide and    its effect on gelation and texture of proteins recovered from whole fish using isoelectric solubilization/precipitation. LWT-Food Sci. Technol., 43, 401–408.